Carlo Aretino and Leonardo Aretino were thus crowned;
the eulogy of the first was pronounced by Matteo Palmieri, of the
latter by Giannozzo Manetti, before the members of the council and the
whole people, the orator standing at the head of the bier, on which the
corpse lay clad in a silken robe. Carlo Aretino was further honoured by
a tomb in Santa Croce, which is among the most beautiful in the whole
course of the Renaissance.
Universities and Schools
The influence of antiquity on culture, of which we have now to speak,
presupposes that the new learning had gained possession of the
universities. This was so, but by no means to the extent and with the
results which might have been expected.
Few of the Italian universities show themselves in their full vigor
till the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, when the increase of
wealth rendered a more systematic care for education possible. At first
there were generally three sorts of professorships--one for civil law,
another for canonical law, the third for medicine; in course of time
professorships of rhetoric, of philosophy, and of astronomy were added,
the last commonly, though not always, identical with astrology. The
salaries varied greatly in different cases. Sometimes a capital sum was
paid down. With the spread of culture, competition became so active
that the different universities tried to entice away distinguished
teachers from one another, under which circumstances Bologna is said to
have sometimes devoted the half of its public income (20,000 ducats) to
the university.
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