The plain tiles were made in Jamestown brick kilns, and it is
possible that some of the S-curved red pantiles were also made locally.
Slate was brought over from England, whereas most of the shingles were
rived from native cedar and oak logs. Other materials used in roofing
included bark, marshgrass and reeds (thatch), and boards. Sod appears to
have been used on some of the very early houses.
LIME
Lime for mortar, plaster, and ornamental plaster was made in crude lime
kilns at Jamestown from calcined oyster shells. The oyster shells came
from the James River.
[Illustration: A WROUGHT-IRON WINDOW CASEMENT UNEARTHED NEAR AN EARLY
17TH-CENTURY BUILDING SITE.]
[Illustration: WALL OR FIREPLACE TILES FOUND AT JAMESTOWN WHICH WERE
MADE IN HOLLAND. THE BLUE DESIGNS AND PICTURES WERE PAINTED ON A WHITE
BACKGROUND.]
[Illustration: KINDS OF ROOFING MATERIALS EXCAVATED INCLUDE FLAT TILES
(SHOWN HERE), CURVED PANTILES, SLATE, AND SHINGLES.]
[Illustration: ORNAMENTAL PLASTER WAS USED IN A FEW BUILDINGS FOR
ENHANCING THE BEAUTY OF BOTH THE INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR.]
[Illustration: THE INTERIOR OF A SMALL JAMESTOWN HOUSE, ABOUT 1650.
ALTHOUGH THE PAINTING IS CONJECTURAL, MANY ITEMS SHOWN--POTTERY,
GLASSWARE, FIREPLACE TOOLS, AND KITCHEN ACCESSORIES--WERE UNEARTHED ON
THIS HISTORIC ISLAND.
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